• Synthesises protein, chlorophyll, enzyme and nucleic acid
• Helps the growth of branches and leaves
• Increases the production of fruits and seeds

• Synthesises protein and nucleic acid
• Promotes cell division for the production of flowers and fruits

• Synthesises protein
• Promotes plant cell division
• Strengthens resistance to infectious diseases

• An important component in chlorophyll

• Synthesises spindle fibres during cell division
• Helps growth of meristem at tips of shoots and roots

• Synthesises protein and chlorophyll
• Helps development of fruits
• Promotes plant cell division

• Involved in plant cell respiration to produce energy

Carbon

Hydrogen

• Builds sugar or starch during photosynthesis
• Builds cellulose

• Synthesis chlorophyll and cell wall
• Helps the formation of fruits and seeds

• Helps growth of young tree parts
• Helps cell respiration

• Involved in photosynthesis and respiration

• Synthesises protein
• Helps the growth of plants

• Involved in photosynthesis and respiration
• Helps formation of amino acid

• Helps synthesis of protein and formation of chlorophyll
• Helps the formation of leaves

• Normal plant growth 
• Strong stem 
• Leaves at the top are small and light green
• Leaves at the bottom are bigger and dark green
• The production of flowers and fruits is normal
• The growth of roots is normal 

• Stunted plant growth 
• Weak stem 
• Leaves at the top are smaller and fall easily
• Leaves at the bottom are pale green or yellow (chlorosis)
• The production of flowers and fruits is stunted
• The growth of roots is normal

• Stunted plant growth; slow to grow and mature
• Weak stem
• Leaves at the top are smaller and purplish
• Leaves at the bottom are bluish-green, curled and with brown edges
• The production of flowers and fruits stops
• The growth of roots deteriorates

• Stunted plant growth; dies before reaching maturity 
• Weak stem
• Leaves at the top have brown spots, curled ends and chlorosis
• Leaves at the bottom wilt and have dead tissues around the edges
• The production of flowers is reduced, and the production of fruit stops
• The growth of roots is reduced