Health Issue Related to the Human Musculoskeletal System

• Explanation
  • Is caused by a deficiency in the uptake of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D or women experienced menopause
  • Less calcium is used to form bones
  • Bones become weak and easy to fracture especially at the pelvic girdle, wrist and backbone.
• Advice & treatment
  • Consumption of sufficient calcium, phosphate and vitamin D through daily diet to increase bone mass
  • Exercise regularly to strengthen the muscles and bones
  • Go through hormone replacement therapy for women experiencing menopause

• Explanation
  • Is caused by the deficiency in the uptake of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D
  • Occur in adults, especially pregnant women
  • Osteomalacia that occurs in children known as rickets
  • In children, bone defects may occur
• Advice & treatment 
  • Consumption of sufficient calcium and phosphate through daily diet to increase bone mass
  • Consumption of sufficient vitamin D through daily
  • Exercise regularly to strengthen the muscles and bones

• Explanation 
  • Cartilages in the joints of the knee, pelvic girdle and backbone become wear off
  • Less synovial fluid secreted
  • Usually occurs in senior citizens
  • The joints experience inflammation, pain, swollen and hard
• Advice & treatment 
  • Exercise regularly to strengthen the muscles and joints
  • Go through physiotherapy to strengthen the joints
  • Undergo surgery operation to replace with artificial joint

• Explanation
  • The backbone of an individual is sideways curvature from the spine axis
  • Can be caused by genetic factor, tumour, a bacterial infection. osteoporosis, rickets or injury
• Advice & treatment 
  • Comprises three "O": observation, orthosis and operation