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| 10.1 |
Traditional Medicine, Modern Medicine and Complementary Medicine |
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Traditional medicine |
| Explanation |
A medical treatment that uses plants, animals and natural substances that are specifically applied or combined for diagnosis and treatment of disease |
| Criteria |
Effectivenness of the treatment is slow and takes time
Treatment using natural substances from plants and animals
Low treatment cost
Effectiveness proven with experience
Inherited and practised from generation to generation
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Modern medicine |
| Explanation |
The combination of the art of medicine in various field of science that relate to health science and biomedical |
| Criteria |
Treatment uses synthetic medicine
High treatment cost
Clinically test
Using modern methods such as surgery, laser treatment and radiotherapy
Treatment effective and fast
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Complementart madicine |
| Explanation |
Various methods of health care that originates from many cultural background
natural product
Mind
Body practices
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| Criteria |
Does not involve surgery and stitches on body
Considers the views of modern and traditional medical practitioners
Does not use medicine, drug and synthetic chemical substances
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2. Medicines used in traditional, modern and complementary medicine
(a) Traditional medicine
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| Medicine |
Uses |
| Aloe vera |
To reduce pain due to sunburn or exposure to hot objects
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| Ginseng |
To maintain good health
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| Ginger |
To relieves swelling, bodily pain and bloadtedness
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| Hibiscus plant |
To relieve headache
To prevent hair loss
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| Quinine |
To make medicine for malaria
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| 2. Modern medicine |
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| Medicine |
Uses and Examples |
| Analgesics |
To relieves pain
Example:
Aspirin
Paracetamol
Codeine
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| Antibiotics |
To kill or inhibit the growth of infectious bacteria
Example:
Penicillin
Streptomycin
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| Psychotherapeutic |
To treat psychiatric patients
Example:
Stimulants
Antidepressants
Antipsychotics
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| 3. Complementary medicine |
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| Medicine |
Uses |
| Acupuncture |
To relieve pain
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| Chiropractic |
Effective for back and neck pain, joint pain, headaches and sport injuries
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| Traditional massage |
Soothes anxiety, pain, fatigue, muscle tension and nerve problems
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| Homeopathy |
To strengthen the body;s immunity against infectious disease
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| Herbal therapy |
To cure diseases
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| 4. Man-made medicines and medicines from natural resources |
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| Man-made medicines |
Medicines from natural resources |
| Made in the lab and commercialised for the use of consumers |
Derived from plants and animals |
| Must be taken regularly or stopped when the sickness has healed |
Must be taken or used continuously for a long time to be effective |
| Evidence of healing is based on clinical test |
Evidence of healing by trust and past experiences |
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There is risk of side effect if
used without the advice of a doctor
the patient does not follow the correct dosage
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There is a risk of side effect if
used without the advice of a doctor
the patient does not follow the correct dosage
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| Vitamin C as pills in pharmacies |
Vitamin C from fruits |
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5. The effect of misuse of medicine
- Causes death
- Causes the medication to be less effective
- Causes severe side effects
- Cause addition
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1. Free radicals: atoms or molecules that lack one electron which makes the atoms or molecules unstable, reactive and tend to attack other atoms or molecules
2. Internal factors that produce free radicals in the body
3. External factors that produce free radicals in the body
- cigarette smoke
- exposure to radiation
- sunlight
- air pollution
4. Effect of free radicals to our body
- damage our DNA
- cause mutation and cancer
- cause diseases such as cardiobascular disease and infertility
- damage the kidneys, liver and lungs
- cause premature aging conditions such as wrinkles and grey hair
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| 10.3 |
Antioxidant Substances |
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1. Antioxidant: chemical substances that are needed by our body to slow down or to stop the oxidation process
2. Antioxidant protects body cells from damage by free radicals
3. Examples of antioxidants found in food
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| Antioxidant |
Explanation and food source |
| Beta carotene |
Commonly found in most red, yellow or orange coloured food
Example:
Carrots
Mangoes
Sweet potatoes
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| Lutein |
Often associated with healthy eyes
Found in high quantities in green leafy vegetables
Example:
Spinach
Cabbage
Broccoli
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| Lycopene |
Found in fruits
Example:
Papaya
Guava
Watermelon
Tomato
Apricots
Grapefruit
Oranges
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| Vitamin C |
Water soluble vitamin
Ascorbic acid
Example:
Citrius fruits
Spinach
Broccoli
Kiwi fruit
Strawberries
Cranberry
Cabbage
Green pepper
Cereals
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| Vitamin E |
Alpha-tocopherol
Found in many types of oil
Example:
Palm oil
Wheat grem oil
Corn oil
Soybean oil
Apricots
Broccoli
Legumes
Mangoes
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1. Active ingredient: specific components of a product that have effects on the cure or prevention of disease
2. Use of health products available in the market
- To treat diseases
- To maintain our health
- Can guarantee normal growth
- To prevent disease
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