Menstrual Cycle

15.3

Menstrual Cycle

Menstruation: Breakdown of the lining of uterine wall and its discharge through the vagina, with small amount of blood and cell
Menstrual cycle:

A monthly cycle, consisting of follicle development,ovulation,thickening of the endometrium and menstruation
28 days for each cycle

3. Importance of menstrual cycle:

The hormones involved in controlling menstrual cycle :

Hormone	Functions	Effects
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)	• Stimulates follicle development in the ovaries • Stimulates oestrogen secretion by the follicles	Control the changes in the ovaries
Luteinening hormone	• Stimulates ovulation • Causes the formation of the corpus luteum • Promotes the secretion of progesterone	Control the changes in the ovaries
Oestrogen	• Repair and revival of of endometrium after menstruation • Stimulates FSH and LH secretion before ovulation	Control the changes in the uterus
Progesterone	• Stimulates the endometrium to become thick,folded and highly vasculated for embryo development • Inhibits FSH and LH secretion	Control the changes in the uterus

Events of the menstrual cycle:

Time (days)	In the ovary	In the uterus
0-5	Follicle develops	Menstruation
6-13	Follicle matures	Endometrium repaired, thickens
14	Ovulation	Endometrium continues to thicken
15-24	Corpus luteum develops	Tissue and blood vessels develop in the endometrium
25-28	Corpus luteum degenerates as no fertilisation occur	Endometrium will begin to disintegrate after 28th day

Source:[britannica.com]

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS):

Physical

Emotion

Menopause syndrome:

Factors

Physical

Emotion