Neurones and Synapse

12.3

Neurones and Synapse

Structures of a Neurone:

Sensory neurone:

Relay neurone:

Motor neurone:

Synapse and transmission of information:

Electrical impulse reaches synaptic knob and approaches presynaptic membrane
Triggers synaptic vesicle to move towards the presynaptic membrane
The synaptic vesicle fuses with the presynaptic membrane
Neurotransmitters (chemical substances) stored in synaptic vesicles are released across the synaptic cleft
Neurotransmitters bind with specific protein receptors at the postsynaptic membrane
Generates new electrical signals/impulses
Impulses will move along postsynaptic neurone or effector

Synapse plays important roles in:

Controlling and integrating nerve impulses that are transmitted by stimulated receptors.
Allow nerve impulses to be transmitted only in one direction because:
- Synaptic vesicles are only present at the synaptic terminal.
- Receptors are only present at the postsynaptic membrane.

12.3

Neurones and Synapse

Structures of a Neurone:

Sensory neurone:

Relay neurone:

Motor neurone:

Synapse and transmission of information:

Electrical impulse reaches synaptic knob and approaches presynaptic membrane
Triggers synaptic vesicle to move towards the presynaptic membrane
The synaptic vesicle fuses with the presynaptic membrane
Neurotransmitters (chemical substances) stored in synaptic vesicles are released across the synaptic cleft
Neurotransmitters bind with specific protein receptors at the postsynaptic membrane
Generates new electrical signals/impulses
Impulses will move along postsynaptic neurone or effector

Synapse plays important roles in:

Controlling and integrating nerve impulses that are transmitted by stimulated receptors.
Allow nerve impulses to be transmitted only in one direction because:
- Synaptic vesicles are only present at the synaptic terminal.
- Receptors are only present at the postsynaptic membrane.