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Elements in Period 3
Elements in Period 3
4.6
Eelements in Period 3
Elements in Period 3
The elements in Period 3 will show a gradual change in physical and chemical properties, as going across the period.
The elements in Period 3 are as belows:
Uses of Period 3 Elements
Magnesium, Mg as a substance in a lighter.
Aluminium, Al as a substance in cans.
Phosphorus, P as a substance in fireworks.
Sulphur, S as fungicides.
Changes in Physical Properties of Elements Across Period 3
Group
1
2
13
14
15
16
17
18
Element
Na
Mg
Al
Si
P
S
Cl
Ar
\(\xrightarrow[]{\text{Across period}}\)
Atomic Radius Decreases
There are only three shells, but the number of electron increases.
The increase in the number of electrons means there is an increase in the number of protons, which result in the higher electrostatic force.
The increase of electrostatic force pulls the valence electron closer to the nucleus.
The Number of Valence Electrons Increases
The number of electrons of the element increases.
The Electronegativity Increases
The atomic radius decreases as the number of protons increases.
As the number of protons increases, the electrostatic force also increases and creates a tendency to attract electrons.
The left side of the period is less electronegative than the right side of the period.
The Melting Point and Boiling Point
Increases from the left to the middle of the period, and then decrease again.
Nature of Metals
The elements change from metal to metalloid, and then non-metal as the electronegativity increases.
Nature of Oxides
The oxides of the elements change from basic to amphoteric and then to acidic across the period.
Uses of Semi-Metallic Elements
Metalloids like silicon are used as semiconductors in the manufacture of electronic microchips.
The uses of electronic microchips in the production of computers and mobile phones.
Elements in Period 3
4.6
Eelements in Period 3
Elements in Period 3
The elements in Period 3 will show a gradual change in physical and chemical properties, as going across the period.
The elements in Period 3 are as belows:
Uses of Period 3 Elements
Magnesium, Mg as a substance in a lighter.
Aluminium, Al as a substance in cans.
Phosphorus, P as a substance in fireworks.
Sulphur, S as fungicides.
Changes in Physical Properties of Elements Across Period 3
Group
1
2
13
14
15
16
17
18
Element
Na
Mg
Al
Si
P
S
Cl
Ar
\(\xrightarrow[]{\text{Across period}}\)
Atomic Radius Decreases
There are only three shells, but the number of electron increases.
The increase in the number of electrons means there is an increase in the number of protons, which result in the higher electrostatic force.
The increase of electrostatic force pulls the valence electron closer to the nucleus.
The Number of Valence Electrons Increases
The number of electrons of the element increases.
The Electronegativity Increases
The atomic radius decreases as the number of protons increases.
As the number of protons increases, the electrostatic force also increases and creates a tendency to attract electrons.
The left side of the period is less electronegative than the right side of the period.
The Melting Point and Boiling Point
Increases from the left to the middle of the period, and then decrease again.
Nature of Metals
The elements change from metal to metalloid, and then non-metal as the electronegativity increases.
Nature of Oxides
The oxides of the elements change from basic to amphoteric and then to acidic across the period.
Uses of Semi-Metallic Elements
Metalloids like silicon are used as semiconductors in the manufacture of electronic microchips.
The uses of electronic microchips in the production of computers and mobile phones.
Chapter : Periodic Table of Elements
Topic : Elements in Period 3
Form 4
Chemistry
View all notes for Chemistry Form 4
Related notes
Historical Development of the Periodic Table
The Arrangement of Elements in the Modern Periodic Table of Elements
Elements in Group 18
Elements in Group 1
Elements in Group 17
Transition Elements
Development in Chemistry Field
Scientific Investigation in Chemistry
Usage, Management and Handling of Apparatus and Materials
Basic Concept of Matter
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