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Gaseous Exchange in Humans

 
8.3

Gaseous Exchange in Humans
 
The exchange of gases between the alveoli and the blood capillaries:
 

Oxygen

Partial pressure in the alveoli: High

Partial pressure in the blood capillaries: Low

Effect: Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood capillaries
 

Carbon dioxide

Partial pressure in the alveoli: Low

Partial pressure in the blood capillaries: High

Effect: Carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood capillaries into the alveoli
 
The exchange of gases between the blood capillaries and the body cells:
 

Oxygen

Partial pressure in the blood capillaries: High

Partial pressure in the body cells: Low

Effect: Oxygen diffuses from the blood capillaries into the body cells
 

Carbon dioxide

Partial pressure in the blood capillaries: Low

Partial pressure in the body cells: High

Effect: Carbon dioxide diffuses from the body cells into the blood capillaries
 
The transportation of gases in humans:
 
Transportation of carbon dioxide
 
  1. Carbon dioxide is released by the respiring cells and can be transported in several ways:
  • 7% of carbon dioxide is dissolved in the blood plasma.
  • 23% of carbon dioxide is transported in the form of carbaminohaemoglobin.
  • 70% of carbon dioxide is transported in the form of bicarbonate ions.
 
Transportation of oxygen
 
  1. Oxygen binds to the hemoglobin to form oxyhemoglobin.
  2. Oxyhemoglobin is transported to the whole parts of the body.
 

 

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Chapter : Respiratory System in Humans and Animals
Topic : Gaseous Exchange in Human
Form 4 Biology
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