In this chapter, we will learn about the role of water in showing acidic and alkaline properties. We will define acids and alkalis and understand the meaning of basicity of an acid.
Next, we will explore pH value and its uses. We will learn how to calculate pH values of acids and alkalis.
Moving on, we will study the strength of acids and alkalis. We will define strong and weak acids and alkalis and explain their strength based on their degree of dissociation in water.
Finally, we will explore the chemical properties of acids and alkalis. We will carry out reactions to understand how acids react with bases, reactive metals, and metal carbonates. Similarly, we will study the reactions of alkalis with acids, metal ions, and ammonium salts.
• Defining acids and alkalis
• Stating the meaning of basicity of an acid
• Investigating the role of water in showing acidic and alkaline properties through experiment
• State the meaning of pH and its uses
• Calculate pH values of acids and alkalis
• Investigate the relationship between pH value and the concentration of hydrogen and hydroxide ions through experiment
• Define strong acid, weak acid, strong alkali and weak alkali
• Explain the strength of an acid and an alkali based on its degree of dissociation in water
• Formulate the chemical properties of acids by carrying out the following reactions: (i) Acids and bases (ii) Acids and reactive metals (iii) Acid and metal carbonates
• Formulate the chemical properties of alkalis by carrying out the following reactions: (i) Alkalis and acids (ii) Alkalis and metal ions (iii) Alkali and ammonium salts
• State the meaning of concentration of solutions
• Solve numerical problems involving concentration of solutions
• State the meaning of standard solution
• Describe and carry out the preparation of a standard solution: (i) from a solid substance (ii) through dilution of an aqueous solution
• Solve numerical problems involving preparation of standard solutions and dilution
• State the meaning of neutralisation
• Determine the concentration of an unknown solution through titration method
• Solve numerical problems involving neutralisation
• State the meaning of salt
• Characterise the physical properties of salt crystals
• Give examples of salt and its uses in daily life
• Test the solubility of salt in water and classify them into soluble and insoluble salts through experiment
• Describe the preparation of a soluble salt through activity
• Describe the preparation of an insoluble salt through activity
• Construct an ionic equation using the continuous variation method through experiment
• Describe tests to identify gases
• Investigate the effect of heat on salts through experiment
• Identify the anion and cation present in a salt through experiment
• Describe the confirmatory tests to identify cations and anions
There is no chapter or topic to show
