SPM Physics Paper 2 - Set 1

SULIT

 

 

JABATAN PEPERIKSAAN
PANDAI EDUCATION

 

 

SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2024

FIZIK

4531/2

Kertas 2 (Set 1)

2 jam 30 minit

 
 

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS PEPERIKSAAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

 

  1.  Kertas peperiksaan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian: Bahagian A, Bahagian B dan Bahagian C.
     
  2. Jawapan hendaklah ditulis pada ruang jawapan yang disediakan di dalam kertas peperiksaan ini.
     
  3. Kertas peperiksaan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa.
     
  4. Jawapan boleh ditulis dalam bahasa Melayu atau bahasa Inggeris.
     
  5. Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan.
     
  6. Kerja mengira anda mesti ditunjukkan.
     
  7. Kertas peperiksaan ini hendaklah diserahkan kepada pengawas peperiksaan pada akhir peperiksaan.

 

 

Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa
Bahagian Soalan Markah Penuh Markah Diperoleh
A 1 4  
2 5  
3 6  
4 9  
5 9  
6 9  
7 9  
8 9  
B 9 20  
10 20  
C 11 20  
Jumlah 100  

 

 

 

Kertas peperiksaan ini mengandungi 31 halaman bercetak.
 
SULIT 2 4531/2
     
Bahagian A
Section A
 
[60 markah]
[60 marks]
 
Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.
Answer all questions in this section.
 

1.

Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan seorang atlet sedang memutar tukul besi berjisim \(7\text{ kg}\) dalam satu acara sukan.

Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan lintasan bagi tukul besi atlet.

Diagram 1.1 shows an athlete spinning a \(7\text{ kg}\) hammer in a sport event.

Diagram 1.2 shows the path of the spinning hammer.

 

Rajah 1.1

Diagram 1.1

Rajah 1.2

Diagram 1.2

   
 

(a)

Berdasarkan Rajah 1.1, namakan daya yang membuatkan tukul itu bergerak mengikut lintasan membulat. Tandakan (\(\checkmark\)) jawapan yang betul dalam petak yang disediakan.

Based on Diagram 1.1, name the force that made the hammer move in circular path. Tick (\(\checkmark\)) the correct answer in the box provided.

   
 

   Daya graviti

   Gravitational force

   
 

   Daya memusat

   Centripetal force

      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
 

(b)

Tandakan pada Rajah 1.2, arah daya , \(F\) yang anda nyatakan dalam (a).

Mark on Diagram 1.2, the direction of force, \(F\) you stated in (a).

    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 3 4531/2
     
 

(c)

Lukis anak panah untuk menunjukkan arah laju linear, \(v\) bagi tukul pada Rajah 1.2.

Draw an arrow to show the direction of linear speed, \(v\) of the hammer on Diagram 1.2.

    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
     
 

(d)

Apakah yang berlaku pada jarak balingan jika tukul besi dipusing dengan kelajuan yang lebih tinggi?

What will happen to the throw distance if the hammer is spinned at higher speed?

     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 4 4531/2
     

2.

Rajah 2 menunjukkan sebiji telur dijatuhkan ke atas bongkah kayu. Telur itu pecah selepas hentaman. Halaju telur itu sejurus sebelum hentaman adalah \(5\text{ ms}^{-1}\).

Diagram 2 shows an egg drop onto a wooden block. The egg cracks after the impact. The velocity of the egg just before the impact is \(5\text{ ms}^{-1}\).

 
 

Rajah 2

Diagram 2

     
 

(a)

Namakan daya yang terlibat semasa hentaman.

Name the force involved during the impact.

     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
     
 

(b)

Beri satu sebab mengapa telur itu pecah selepas hentaman.

Give one reason why the egg cracked after the impact.

     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
     
 

(c)

Nyatakan satu cara bagi mengelakkan telur daripada pecah dan beri sebab.

State one way to avoid the egg from being cracked, and give reason.

     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [2 markah]
[2 marks]
     
 

(d)

Beri satu contoh lain yang menggunakan konsep yang sama.

Give one example that used the same concept.

     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 5 4531/2
     

3.

Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan sebuah kereta mainan.

Diagram 3.1 shows a toy car.

 
 

Rajah 3.1

Diagram 3.1

   
  (a) (i)

Tandakan (\(\checkmark\)) pada jawapan yang betul.

Tick (\(\checkmark\)) the correct answer.

     

Kipas pada Rajah 3.1 akan berpusing dalam arah

The fan on DIagram 3.1 will rotate in the direction of

     
 

   lawan jam sahaja atau ikut jam sahaja

   anticlockwise only or clockwise only

     
 

   lawan jam dan ikut jam

   anticlockwise and clockwise

        [1 markah]
[1 mark]
         
   

(ii)

Namakan peraturan fizik yang digunakan untuk menentukan arah putaran kipas pada kereta mainan.

Name the physics' rule used to determine the direction of fan rotation on the toy car.

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 6 4531/2
     
  (b) (i)

Apabila sel kering dipasangkan, kipas mula berputar. Dengan menggunakan bantuan Rajah 3.2, lengkapkan Rajah 3.3 tersebut.

When the switch is turned on, the coil starts spinning. With the help of Diagram 3.2, complete the Diagram 3.3.

 
 

Rajah 3.2

Diagram 3.2

 
 

Rajah 3.3

Diagram 3.3

  [2 markah]
[2 marks]
   
   

(ii)

Nyatakan perubahan tenaga yang berlaku semasa kipas berputar.

State the energy change when the fan is rotates.

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
   

(iii)

Nyatakan satu kaedah lain yang boleh meningkatkan kelakuan putaran kipas.

State one other method that can increase the rotational speed of the fan.

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 7 4531/2
     

4.

Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan dua satelit \(M\) dan \(N\) mengorbit bumi. Tempoh mengorbit, \(T\) bagi satelit-satelit boleh ditentukan dengan Hukum Kepler Ketiga.

Diagram 4.1 shows two satellite \(M\) and \(N\) orbiting the earth. Orbital period of the satellites, \(T\) can be determined by Kepler's Third Law.

 
 

Rajah 4.1

Diagram 4.1

   
 

(a)

Nyatakan Hukum Kepler Ketiga.

State the Kepler's Third Law.

       
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 8 4531/2
     
 

(b)

Ketinggian satelit \(M\), \(h_M\) dan ketinggian satelit \(N\), \(h_N\) dari permukaan bumi adalah \(3.6\times10^7\text{ m}\) dan \(2.0\times10^7\text{ m}\) masing-masing. Tempoh mengorbit, \(T\) bagi satelit \(M\) adalah \(24\) jam.
[Jejari bumi, \(R=6.37\times10^6\text{ m}\)]

The height of satellite \(M\), \(h_M\) and the height of satellite \(N\), \(h_N\) from the surface of the Earth are \(3.6\times10^7\text{ m}\) and \(2.0\times10^7\text{ m}\) respectively. Orbital period, \(T\) of satellite \(M\) is \(24\) hours.
[Radius of the Earth, \(R=6.37\times10^6\text{ m}\)]

     
   

Tentukan:

Determine:

   

(i)

Jejari orbit bagi satelit \(M=\) ....................................................................................

Radius of orbit for satellite \(M=\) .............................................................................

Jejari orbit bagi satelit \(N=\) ....................................................................................

Radius of orbit for satellite \(N=\) .............................................................................

      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
       
   

(ii)

Tempoh mengorbit, \(T\) bagi satelit \(N\).

Orbital period, \(T\) for satellite \(N\).

       
       
       
       
      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
 
SULIT 9 4531/2
     
 

(c)

Rajah 4.2 menunjukkan pergerakan Planet \(K\) mengorbit matahari.

Diagram 4.2 shows the motion of Planet \(K\) orbiting the sun.

   
   

Rajah 4.2

Diagram 4.2

       
   

(i)

Bandingkan jarak yang dilalui dari \(A\) ke \(B\) dan dari \(C\) ke \(D\).

Compare the distance travel from \(A\) to \(B\) and from \(C\) to \(D\).

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
   

(ii)

Pada Rajah 4.2, labelkan di dalam kotak dengan menggunakan simbol \(X\) untuk kelajuan planet maksimum dan \(Y\) untuk kelajuan planet minimum.

In Diagram 4.2, label in the box using symbol \(X\) for planet with maximum velocity and  \(Y\) for planet with minimum velocity.

      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
   

(iii)

Terangkan jawapan anda dalam 4(c)(ii).

Explain your answer in 4(c)(ii).

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [2 markah]
[2 mark]
 
SULIT 10 4531/2
     

5.

Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan satu eksperimen yang dijalankan terhadap suatu gas terperangkap dalam kelalang dasar bulat.

Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show an experiment conducted on a trapped gas in a round bottom flask.

 
 

Rajah 5.1

Diagram 5.1

 
 

Rajah 5.2

Diagram 5.2

   
 

(a)

Nyatakan kuantiti fizik yang diukur oleh tolok Bourdon.

State the physical quantity measured by Bourdon gauge.

     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 11 4531/2
     
 

(b)

Perhatikan Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2. Bandingkan,

Observe Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2. Compare,

   

(i)

bacaan tolok Bourdon.

the reading of Bourdon gauge.

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
   

(ii)

bacaan termometer.

the reading of thermometer.

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
   

(iii)

isi padu gas dalam kelalang dasar bulat.

the volume of gas in round bottom flask.

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
 

(c)

Berdasarkan jawapan anda dalam 5(b),

Based on your answer in 5(b),

   

(i)

hubung kaitkan antara bacaan tolok Bourdon dengan bacaan termometer.

relate between the reading of Bourdon gauge and the reading of thermometer.

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
   

(ii)

nyatakan hukum fizik yang terlibat untuk menerankan situasi di atas.

state the physics law involved to explain the above situation.

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 12 4531/2
     
 

(d)

Suatu gas telah dipanaskan sehingga suhunya mencapai \(80^{\circ}\text{C}\). Suhu awal gas ialah \(0^{\circ}\text{C}\) dengan bacaan tolok Bourdon ialah \(1.01325\times10^5\text{ Pa}\).

A gas has been heated until its temperature reaches \(80^{\circ}\text{C}\). Initial temperature of has is \(0^{\circ}\text{C}\) with the reading of Bourdon gauge is \(1.01325\times10^5\text{ Pa}\).

   

(i)

Hitung bacaan tolok Bourdon ketika suhu gas adalah \(80^{\circ}\text{C}\).

Calculate the reading of Bourdon gauge while the gas temperature is \(80^{\circ}\text{C}\).

       
       
       
       
      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
       
   

(ii)

Apakah yang akan berlaku kepada tenaga kinetik molekul gas apabila suhu gas ditingkatkan?

What will happen to the kinetic energy of the gas molecules when the temperature is increased?

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 13 4531/2
     

6.

Rajah 6.1 dan Rajah 6.2 menunjukkan seorang lelaki menarik sebuah peti besi berjisim, \(m=10\text{ kg}\) dengan daya, \(F=800\text{ N}\). Tali ditarik masing-masing dengan sudut \(40^{\circ}\) dan \(15^{\circ}\) dengan komponen daya mengufuk, \(F_X\).

Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2 show a man pulling a vault of mass, \(m=10\text{ kg}\) with a force, \(F=800\text{ N}\). The rope is pulled at angle \(40^{\circ}\) and \(15^{\circ}\) respectively with the horizontal komponen force, \(F_X\).

 
 

Rajah 6.1

Diagram 6.1

 
 

Rajah 6.2

Diagram 6.2

   
 

(a)

Apa yang dimaksudkan dengan daya?

What is the meaning of force?

     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 14 4531/2
     
 

(b)

(i)

Hitung daya, \(F_X\) dalam Rajah 6.1.

Calculate force, \(F_X\) in Diagram 6.1.

       
       
       
       
      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
       
   

(ii)

Hitung daya, \(F_X\) dalam Rajah 6.2.

Calculate force, \(F_X\) in Diagram 6.2.

       
       
       
       
      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
 

(c)

Berdasarkan Rajah 6.1 dan Rajah 6.2,

Based on Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2,

 

 

(i)

Bandingkan sudut dengan komponen daya mengufuk, \(F_X\).

Compare the angle with horizontal component of force, \(F_X\).

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
   

(ii)

Bandingkan magnitud \(F_X\).

Compare the magnitude of \(F_X\).

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
 

(d)

(i)

Seterusnya, hubungkaitkan sudut dengan komponen daya mengufuk, \(F_X\).

Hence, relate angle and horizontal component of force, \(F_X\).

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
       
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
   

(ii)

Hubungkaitkan komponen daya mengufuk, \(F_X\) dengan pecutan peti besi.

Relate the horizontal component force, \(F_X\) with the acceleration of the vault.

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
       
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 15 4531/2
     

7.

Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan satu imej yang dilihat menerusi sebuah kanta cembung yang mempunyai panjang fokus \(10\text{ cm}\).

Diagram 7.1 shows an image seen through a convex lens that has a focal length of \(10\text{ cm}\).

 
 

Rajah 7.1

Diagram 7.1

   
 

(a)

Apakah maksud panjang focus?

What does focal length mean?

     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 16 4531/2
     
 

(b)

(i)

Lukis satu rajah sinar pada rajah di bawah untuk menunjukkan bagaimana imej bagi objek itu terbentuk.

Draw a ray diagram in the figure below to show how the image of the object is formed.

       
     
      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
       
   

(ii)

Nyatakan ciri-ciri imej yang terbentuk.

State the characteristics of the image formed

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 17 4531/2
     
 

(c)

Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan binocular berprisma. Kedudukan bagi dua prisma dan dua kanta pada satu sisi binocular adalah seperti yang ditunjukkan.

Diagram 7.2 shows prism binoculars. The position of two prisms on one side of the binoculars are as shown.

   
   

Rajah 7.2

Diagram 7.2

   

Kanta objek digunakan dalam binocular itu supaya objek boleh dilihat dengan jelas. Jadual di bawah menunjukkan ciri-ciri tiga kanta.

Objective lens is used in the binoculars so that the object can be seen clearer. Table below shows the characteristics of three lenses.

   

Kanta

Lens

Panjang Fokus

Focal length

Diameter kanta

Diameter of the lens

\(P\) \(1.0\text{ cm}\) Kecil / Small
\(Q\) \(10.0\text{ cm}\) Besar / Big
\(R\) \(100.0\text{ cm}\) Besar / Big
     
   

Berdasarkan jadual tersebut, nyatakan ciri-ciri kesesuaian kanta untuk digunakan sebagai kanta objek. Beri satu sebab untuk kesesuaian ciri itu.

Based on the table, state the suitable characteristics of the lens to be used as the objective lens. Give one reason for the suitable characteristic.

 

 

(i)

Panjang fokus

Focal length

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
       
     

Sebab

Reason

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
 
SULIT 18 4531/2
     
   

(ii)

Diameter kanta

Diameter of the lens

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
       
     

Sebab

Reason

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
       
 

(d)

Berdasarkan jawapan di 7(c)(i) dan 7(c)(ii), tentukan kanta yang paling sesuai digunakan sebagai kanta objek.

Based on the answers in 7(c)(i) and 7(c)(ii), determine the most suitable lens to be used as the objective lens.

       
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 19 4531/2
     

8.

Rajah 8 menunjukkan satu sistem radiator kereta.

Diagram 8 shows a car radiator system.

 
 

Rajah 8

Diagram 8

   
 

(a)

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan muatan haba tentu?

What is the meaning of specific heat capacity?

     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
     
 

(b)

Terangkan mengapa air digunakan sebagai agen penyejukan dalam suatu radiator kereta?

Explain why water is used as a cooling agent in the car radiator?

     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [2 markah]
[2 marks]
 
SULIT 20 4531/2
     
 

(c)

Sebuah enjin kereta didapati terlalu panas setelah melalui suatu perjalanan yang jauh. Radiator kereta tersebut didapati kurang efisyen untuk mengurankan suhu enjin.

A car engine is found to be overheated after a long journey. The radiator of the car was found to be less efficient in reducing the engine temperature.

   

Cadangkan pengubahsuaian yang perlu dilakukan pada radiator kereta untuk memastikan enjin kereta dapat dikurangkan suhunya dengan cepat berdasarkan aspek-aspek berikut. Berikan sebab bagi jawapan anda.

Suggest the modification that need to be done on the car radiator to ensure that the car engine can be reduced in temperature quickly based on the following aspects. Give reason for your answer

   

(i)

Bilangan bilah sirip

Number of fin blades

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
       
     

Sebab

Reason

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
       
   

(ii)

Saiz kipas

Size of the fan

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
       
     

Sebab

Reason

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
       
   

(iii)

Takat didih cecair

Boiling point of the liquid

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
       
     

Sebab

Reason

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
 
SULIT 21 4531/2
     
Bahagian B
Section B
 
[20 markah]
[20 marks]
 
Bahagian ini mengandungi dua soalan. Jawab satu soalan.
This section contains two questions. Answer one question.
 

9.

Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan segelas air disejukkan dengan menggunakan beberapa ketulan ais. Proses ini melibatkan haba pendam tentu pelakuran ais.

Diagram 9.1 shows a glass of water cooled by using some ice cubes. This process involves the specific latent heat of fusion of ice.

 
 

Rajah 9.1

Diagram 9.1

   
 

(a)

Apakah maksud haba pendam tentu pelakuran?

What is meant by specific latent heat of fusion?

    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
     
 

(b)

Menggunakan konsep haba pendam tentu, terangkan bagaimana ketulan ais dapat menyejukkan minuman dengan lebih berkesan.

Using the concept of specific latent heat, explain how ice cubes can cool drinks more effectively.

    [4 markah]
[4 marks]
 
SULIT 22 4531/2
     
 

(c)

Air di dalam gelas pada Rajah 9.1 berjisim \(0.2\text{ kg}\) mempunyai suhu awal \(50^{\circ}\text{C}\). Sebahagian daripada ketulan ais telah melebur.

The water in the glass in Diagram 9.1 has a mass of \(0.2\text{ kg}\) and has an initial temperature of \(50^{\circ}\text{C}\). Some of the iced cubes have melted.

   

[Muatan haba tentu air \(=4\,200\text{ J kg}^{-1} \,^{\circ}\text{C}^{-1}\). Haba pendam tentu pelakuran ais \(=3.34\times10^5\text{ J kg}^{-1}\)]

[Specific heat capacity of water \(=4\,200\text{ J kg}^{-1} \,^{\circ}\text{C}^{-1}\) . Specific latent heat of fusion of ice \(=3.34\times10^5\text{ J kg}^{-1}\)]

     
   

Hitungkan

Calculate

   

(i)

Haba yang diserap oleh kiub ais.

Heat absorbed by the ice cube.

      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
       
   

(ii)

Jisim ais yang telah mencair.

Mass of ice that has melted.

      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
       
   

(iii)

Nyatakan satu andaian yang dibuat dalam situasi di atas.

State one assumption that you have made in above situation.

      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 23 4531/2
     
 

(d)

Jadual 9 menunjukkan ciri-ciri empat panel penyejuk P, Q, R dan S yang mengandungi ejen penyejuk yang mengalir melalui paip kondenser untuk digunakan dalam peti sejuk.

Table 9 shows the characteristics of four refrigerant panels P, Q, R and S that contain the coolant agent flowing through the condenser pipe for use in the refrigerator.

   

Panel penyejuk

Cooling panel

Ejen penyejuk

Coolant agent

Paip kondenser

Condenser pipe

Haba pendam tentu pengewapan

Specific latent heat of vaporization

Takat didih

Boiling point

Bentuk

Shape

Muatan haba tentu

Specific heat capacity

\(P\)

Rendah

Low

\(100^{\circ}\text{C}\)

Berlingkar

Coiled

Tinggi

High

\(Q\)

Tinggi

High

\(-43^{\circ}\text{C}\)

Lurus

Straight

Tinggi

High

\(R\)

Tinggi

High

\(-50^{\circ}\text{C}\)

Berlingkar

Coiled

Rendah

Low

\(S\)

Rendah

Low

\(78^{\circ}\text{C}\)

Lurus

Straight

Rendah

Low

   

Jadual 9

Table 9

     
   

Terangkan kesesuaian setiap ciri panel penyejuk untuk menyejukkan peti sejuk dengan cepat. Tentukan panel penyejuk yang paling sesuai dan berikan sebab untuk pilihan anda.

Explain the suitability of each cooling panel feature for cooling the refrigerator quickly. Determine the most suitable cooling panel and give reasons for your choice.

    [10 markah]
[10 marks]
     
 
SULIT 24 4531/2
     

10.

Rajah 10.1 menunjukkan perintang peka cahaya, LDR disambungkan pada satu litar untuk menghidupkan diod pemancar cahaya, LED secara automatik. LED akan menyala apabila beza keupayaan merentasi LDR mencapai atau melebihi \(1\text{ V}\).

Diagram 10.1 shows a light dependent resistor, LDR connected within a circuit to automatically activate the light emitting diode, LED. The LED will illuminate when the potential difference across the LDR reaches or exceeds \(1\text{ V}\).

 
 

Rajah 10.1

Diagram 10.1

   
 

(a)

Merujuk kepada Rajah 10.1,

Referring to Diagram 10.1,

   

(i)

nyatakan fungsi transistor.

state the function of the transistor.

      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
   

(ii)

adakah LED itu menyala pada waktu malam?
Jelaskan jawapan anda.

does the LED light up at night?
Explain your answer.

      [4 markah]
[4 marks]
 
SULIT 25 4531/2
     
 

(b)

Hitung:

Calculate:

 

 

(i)

jumlah beza keupayaan merentasi perintang dan LDR.

the total potential difference across the resistor and LDR.

      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
   

(ii)

beza keupayaan merentasi perintang sahaja.

the potential difference across the resistor only.

      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
       
   

(iii)

rintangan maksimum LDR supaya LED itu dapat menyala

the maximum resistance of the LDR required for the LED to light up.

      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
 
SULIT 26 4531/2
     
 

(c)

Rajah 10.2 menunjukkan sebuah litar sistem penggera kebakaran yang tidak lengkap.

Diagram 10.2 shows an incomplete fire alarm system circuit.

   
     
   

Rajah 10.2

Diagram 10.2

 
SULIT 27 4531/2
     
   

Jadual 10 menunjukkan empat sel komponen elektronik: S, T, U dan V, yang bertujuan untuk digunakan dalam melengkapkan litar yang digambarkan dalam Rajah 10.2.

Table 10 shows four sets of electronic components: S, T, U and V, which are intended for use in completing the circuit depicted in Diagram 10.2

     
   

Set komponen elektronik

Electronic component set

\(AB\) \(CD\) \(EF\) \(GH\)
\(S\)

Sel kering X

Dry Cell X

LED

LDR

Perintang

Resistor

\(T\)

Sel kering Y

Dry Cell Y

Loceng elektrik

Electric bell

Termistor

Thermistor

Perintang

Resistor

\(U\)

Sel kering X

Dry Cell X

Loceng elektrik

Electric bell

LDR

Reostat

Rheostat

\(V\)

Sel kering Y

Dry Cell Y

LED

Termistor

Thermistor

Reostat

Rheostat

     
   

Jadual 10

Table 10

 
SULIT 28 4531/2
     
   

Kaji dan terangkan kesesuaian komponen elektronik dalam Jadual 10.
Tentukan set komponen elektronik yang paling sesuai digunakan bagi memastikan sistem penggera kebakaran berfungsi dan berdering jika suhu meningkat apabila berlaku kebakaran.
Beri sebab-sebab bagi pilihan anda.

Study and explain the suitability of electronic components in Table 10.
Determine the electronic component set that is most suitable for ensuring the fire alarm system functions and rings when the temperature increases when there is fire.
Provide reasons for your choice.

    [10 markah]
[10 marks]
     
 
SULIT 29 4531/2
     
Bahagian C
Section C
 
[20 markah]
[20 marks]
 
Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.
Answer all questions in this section.
 

11.

Rajah 11.1 dan 11.2 menunjukkan magnet sedang ditolak dengan kelajuan yang sama ke dalam gegelung dawai berdiameter sama. Kedua-duanya disambungkan kepada galvanometer.

Diagram 11.1 and 11.2 show magnets being pushed with the same speed into wire coils which have the same diameter. Both are connected to the galvanometer.

 
 

Rajah 11.1

Diagram 11.1

 
 

Rajah 11.2

Diagram 11.2

 
SULIT 30 4531/2
     
 

(a)

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan aruhan elektromagnet?

What is the meaning of electromagnetic induction?

    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
     
 

(b)

Berdasarkan Rajah 11.1 dan 11.2, bandingkan bilangan magnet, kadar pemotongan fluks and angle of deflection of galvanometer pointer.

Using Diagram 11.1 and 11.2, compare the number of magnets, the rate of cutting magnetic flux, and angle of deflection of galvanometer pointer.

    [3 markah]
[3 marks]
     
 

(c)

Nyatakan hubungan antara

State the relationship between

 

 

(i)

Bilangan magnet dan kadar pemotongan fluks magnet.

The number of magnets and the rate of cutting magnetic flux.

       
   

(ii)

Kadar pemotongan fluks magnet dengan magnitud aliran arus aruhan.

The density of magnetic flux and the magnitude of induced current flow.

      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
       
 

(d)

Rajah 11.3 menunjukkan struktur penjana arus terus.

Figure 11.3 shows the structures of a direct current generator.

   
   

Rajah 11.3

Diagram 11.3

   

Terangkan prinsip kerja penjana arus terus.

Explain the working principle of the direct current generator.

    [4 markah]
[4 marks]
 
SULIT 31 4531/2
     
   
   

Rajah 11.4

Diagram 11.4

 

(e)

Rajah 11.4 menunjukkan dinamo basikal. Dinamo disambung ke mentol elektrik dan didapati nyalaan mentol malap. Dengan menggunakan pengetahuan fizik, jelaskan pengubahsuaian yang perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kecerahan mentol tersebut.

Diagram 11.4 shows a bicycle dynamo. The dynamo is connected to an electric bulb and it is found that the bulb is dim. Using physics knowledge, explain a modification that has to be carried out to increase the brightness of the bulb.

    [10 markah]
[10 marks]

 

 

 

 

 

 

KERTAS PEPERIKSAAN TAMAT

 

 

SPM Physics Paper 2 - Set 1

SULIT

 

 

JABATAN PEPERIKSAAN
PANDAI EDUCATION

 

 

SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2024

FIZIK

4531/2

Kertas 2 (Set 1)

2 jam 30 minit

 
 

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS PEPERIKSAAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

 

  1.  Kertas peperiksaan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian: Bahagian A, Bahagian B dan Bahagian C.
     
  2. Jawapan hendaklah ditulis pada ruang jawapan yang disediakan di dalam kertas peperiksaan ini.
     
  3. Kertas peperiksaan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa.
     
  4. Jawapan boleh ditulis dalam bahasa Melayu atau bahasa Inggeris.
     
  5. Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan.
     
  6. Kerja mengira anda mesti ditunjukkan.
     
  7. Kertas peperiksaan ini hendaklah diserahkan kepada pengawas peperiksaan pada akhir peperiksaan.

 

 

Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa
Bahagian Soalan Markah Penuh Markah Diperoleh
A 1 4  
2 5  
3 6  
4 9  
5 9  
6 9  
7 9  
8 9  
B 9 20  
10 20  
C 11 20  
Jumlah 100  

 

 

 

Kertas peperiksaan ini mengandungi 31 halaman bercetak.
 
SULIT 2 4531/2
     
Bahagian A
Section A
 
[60 markah]
[60 marks]
 
Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.
Answer all questions in this section.
 

1.

Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan seorang atlet sedang memutar tukul besi berjisim \(7\text{ kg}\) dalam satu acara sukan.

Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan lintasan bagi tukul besi atlet.

Diagram 1.1 shows an athlete spinning a \(7\text{ kg}\) hammer in a sport event.

Diagram 1.2 shows the path of the spinning hammer.

 

Rajah 1.1

Diagram 1.1

Rajah 1.2

Diagram 1.2

   
 

(a)

Berdasarkan Rajah 1.1, namakan daya yang membuatkan tukul itu bergerak mengikut lintasan membulat. Tandakan (\(\checkmark\)) jawapan yang betul dalam petak yang disediakan.

Based on Diagram 1.1, name the force that made the hammer move in circular path. Tick (\(\checkmark\)) the correct answer in the box provided.

   
 

   Daya graviti

   Gravitational force

   
 

   Daya memusat

   Centripetal force

      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
 

(b)

Tandakan pada Rajah 1.2, arah daya , \(F\) yang anda nyatakan dalam (a).

Mark on Diagram 1.2, the direction of force, \(F\) you stated in (a).

    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 3 4531/2
     
 

(c)

Lukis anak panah untuk menunjukkan arah laju linear, \(v\) bagi tukul pada Rajah 1.2.

Draw an arrow to show the direction of linear speed, \(v\) of the hammer on Diagram 1.2.

    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
     
 

(d)

Apakah yang berlaku pada jarak balingan jika tukul besi dipusing dengan kelajuan yang lebih tinggi?

What will happen to the throw distance if the hammer is spinned at higher speed?

     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 4 4531/2
     

2.

Rajah 2 menunjukkan sebiji telur dijatuhkan ke atas bongkah kayu. Telur itu pecah selepas hentaman. Halaju telur itu sejurus sebelum hentaman adalah \(5\text{ ms}^{-1}\).

Diagram 2 shows an egg drop onto a wooden block. The egg cracks after the impact. The velocity of the egg just before the impact is \(5\text{ ms}^{-1}\).

 
 

Rajah 2

Diagram 2

     
 

(a)

Namakan daya yang terlibat semasa hentaman.

Name the force involved during the impact.

     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
     
 

(b)

Beri satu sebab mengapa telur itu pecah selepas hentaman.

Give one reason why the egg cracked after the impact.

     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
     
 

(c)

Nyatakan satu cara bagi mengelakkan telur daripada pecah dan beri sebab.

State one way to avoid the egg from being cracked, and give reason.

     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [2 markah]
[2 marks]
     
 

(d)

Beri satu contoh lain yang menggunakan konsep yang sama.

Give one example that used the same concept.

     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 5 4531/2
     

3.

Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan sebuah kereta mainan.

Diagram 3.1 shows a toy car.

 
 

Rajah 3.1

Diagram 3.1

   
  (a) (i)

Tandakan (\(\checkmark\)) pada jawapan yang betul.

Tick (\(\checkmark\)) the correct answer.

     

Kipas pada Rajah 3.1 akan berpusing dalam arah

The fan on DIagram 3.1 will rotate in the direction of

     
 

   lawan jam sahaja atau ikut jam sahaja

   anticlockwise only or clockwise only

     
 

   lawan jam dan ikut jam

   anticlockwise and clockwise

        [1 markah]
[1 mark]
         
   

(ii)

Namakan peraturan fizik yang digunakan untuk menentukan arah putaran kipas pada kereta mainan.

Name the physics' rule used to determine the direction of fan rotation on the toy car.

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 6 4531/2
     
  (b) (i)

Apabila sel kering dipasangkan, kipas mula berputar. Dengan menggunakan bantuan Rajah 3.2, lengkapkan Rajah 3.3 tersebut.

When the switch is turned on, the coil starts spinning. With the help of Diagram 3.2, complete the Diagram 3.3.

 
 

Rajah 3.2

Diagram 3.2

 
 

Rajah 3.3

Diagram 3.3

  [2 markah]
[2 marks]
   
   

(ii)

Nyatakan perubahan tenaga yang berlaku semasa kipas berputar.

State the energy change when the fan is rotates.

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
   

(iii)

Nyatakan satu kaedah lain yang boleh meningkatkan kelakuan putaran kipas.

State one other method that can increase the rotational speed of the fan.

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 7 4531/2
     

4.

Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan dua satelit \(M\) dan \(N\) mengorbit bumi. Tempoh mengorbit, \(T\) bagi satelit-satelit boleh ditentukan dengan Hukum Kepler Ketiga.

Diagram 4.1 shows two satellite \(M\) and \(N\) orbiting the earth. Orbital period of the satellites, \(T\) can be determined by Kepler's Third Law.

 
 

Rajah 4.1

Diagram 4.1

   
 

(a)

Nyatakan Hukum Kepler Ketiga.

State the Kepler's Third Law.

       
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 8 4531/2
     
 

(b)

Ketinggian satelit \(M\), \(h_M\) dan ketinggian satelit \(N\), \(h_N\) dari permukaan bumi adalah \(3.6\times10^7\text{ m}\) dan \(2.0\times10^7\text{ m}\) masing-masing. Tempoh mengorbit, \(T\) bagi satelit \(M\) adalah \(24\) jam.
[Jejari bumi, \(R=6.37\times10^6\text{ m}\)]

The height of satellite \(M\), \(h_M\) and the height of satellite \(N\), \(h_N\) from the surface of the Earth are \(3.6\times10^7\text{ m}\) and \(2.0\times10^7\text{ m}\) respectively. Orbital period, \(T\) of satellite \(M\) is \(24\) hours.
[Radius of the Earth, \(R=6.37\times10^6\text{ m}\)]

     
   

Tentukan:

Determine:

   

(i)

Jejari orbit bagi satelit \(M=\) ....................................................................................

Radius of orbit for satellite \(M=\) .............................................................................

Jejari orbit bagi satelit \(N=\) ....................................................................................

Radius of orbit for satellite \(N=\) .............................................................................

      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
       
   

(ii)

Tempoh mengorbit, \(T\) bagi satelit \(N\).

Orbital period, \(T\) for satellite \(N\).

       
       
       
       
      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
 
SULIT 9 4531/2
     
 

(c)

Rajah 4.2 menunjukkan pergerakan Planet \(K\) mengorbit matahari.

Diagram 4.2 shows the motion of Planet \(K\) orbiting the sun.

   
   

Rajah 4.2

Diagram 4.2

       
   

(i)

Bandingkan jarak yang dilalui dari \(A\) ke \(B\) dan dari \(C\) ke \(D\).

Compare the distance travel from \(A\) to \(B\) and from \(C\) to \(D\).

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
   

(ii)

Pada Rajah 4.2, labelkan di dalam kotak dengan menggunakan simbol \(X\) untuk kelajuan planet maksimum dan \(Y\) untuk kelajuan planet minimum.

In Diagram 4.2, label in the box using symbol \(X\) for planet with maximum velocity and  \(Y\) for planet with minimum velocity.

      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
   

(iii)

Terangkan jawapan anda dalam 4(c)(ii).

Explain your answer in 4(c)(ii).

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [2 markah]
[2 mark]
 
SULIT 10 4531/2
     

5.

Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan satu eksperimen yang dijalankan terhadap suatu gas terperangkap dalam kelalang dasar bulat.

Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show an experiment conducted on a trapped gas in a round bottom flask.

 
 

Rajah 5.1

Diagram 5.1

 
 

Rajah 5.2

Diagram 5.2

   
 

(a)

Nyatakan kuantiti fizik yang diukur oleh tolok Bourdon.

State the physical quantity measured by Bourdon gauge.

     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 11 4531/2
     
 

(b)

Perhatikan Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2. Bandingkan,

Observe Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2. Compare,

   

(i)

bacaan tolok Bourdon.

the reading of Bourdon gauge.

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
   

(ii)

bacaan termometer.

the reading of thermometer.

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
   

(iii)

isi padu gas dalam kelalang dasar bulat.

the volume of gas in round bottom flask.

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
 

(c)

Berdasarkan jawapan anda dalam 5(b),

Based on your answer in 5(b),

   

(i)

hubung kaitkan antara bacaan tolok Bourdon dengan bacaan termometer.

relate between the reading of Bourdon gauge and the reading of thermometer.

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
   

(ii)

nyatakan hukum fizik yang terlibat untuk menerankan situasi di atas.

state the physics law involved to explain the above situation.

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 12 4531/2
     
 

(d)

Suatu gas telah dipanaskan sehingga suhunya mencapai \(80^{\circ}\text{C}\). Suhu awal gas ialah \(0^{\circ}\text{C}\) dengan bacaan tolok Bourdon ialah \(1.01325\times10^5\text{ Pa}\).

A gas has been heated until its temperature reaches \(80^{\circ}\text{C}\). Initial temperature of has is \(0^{\circ}\text{C}\) with the reading of Bourdon gauge is \(1.01325\times10^5\text{ Pa}\).

   

(i)

Hitung bacaan tolok Bourdon ketika suhu gas adalah \(80^{\circ}\text{C}\).

Calculate the reading of Bourdon gauge while the gas temperature is \(80^{\circ}\text{C}\).

       
       
       
       
      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
       
   

(ii)

Apakah yang akan berlaku kepada tenaga kinetik molekul gas apabila suhu gas ditingkatkan?

What will happen to the kinetic energy of the gas molecules when the temperature is increased?

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 13 4531/2
     

6.

Rajah 6.1 dan Rajah 6.2 menunjukkan seorang lelaki menarik sebuah peti besi berjisim, \(m=10\text{ kg}\) dengan daya, \(F=800\text{ N}\). Tali ditarik masing-masing dengan sudut \(40^{\circ}\) dan \(15^{\circ}\) dengan komponen daya mengufuk, \(F_X\).

Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2 show a man pulling a vault of mass, \(m=10\text{ kg}\) with a force, \(F=800\text{ N}\). The rope is pulled at angle \(40^{\circ}\) and \(15^{\circ}\) respectively with the horizontal komponen force, \(F_X\).

 
 

Rajah 6.1

Diagram 6.1

 
 

Rajah 6.2

Diagram 6.2

   
 

(a)

Apa yang dimaksudkan dengan daya?

What is the meaning of force?

     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 14 4531/2
     
 

(b)

(i)

Hitung daya, \(F_X\) dalam Rajah 6.1.

Calculate force, \(F_X\) in Diagram 6.1.

       
       
       
       
      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
       
   

(ii)

Hitung daya, \(F_X\) dalam Rajah 6.2.

Calculate force, \(F_X\) in Diagram 6.2.

       
       
       
       
      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
 

(c)

Berdasarkan Rajah 6.1 dan Rajah 6.2,

Based on Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2,

 

 

(i)

Bandingkan sudut dengan komponen daya mengufuk, \(F_X\).

Compare the angle with horizontal component of force, \(F_X\).

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
   

(ii)

Bandingkan magnitud \(F_X\).

Compare the magnitude of \(F_X\).

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
 

(d)

(i)

Seterusnya, hubungkaitkan sudut dengan komponen daya mengufuk, \(F_X\).

Hence, relate angle and horizontal component of force, \(F_X\).

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
       
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
   

(ii)

Hubungkaitkan komponen daya mengufuk, \(F_X\) dengan pecutan peti besi.

Relate the horizontal component force, \(F_X\) with the acceleration of the vault.

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
       
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 15 4531/2
     

7.

Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan satu imej yang dilihat menerusi sebuah kanta cembung yang mempunyai panjang fokus \(10\text{ cm}\).

Diagram 7.1 shows an image seen through a convex lens that has a focal length of \(10\text{ cm}\).

 
 

Rajah 7.1

Diagram 7.1

   
 

(a)

Apakah maksud panjang focus?

What does focal length mean?

     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 16 4531/2
     
 

(b)

(i)

Lukis satu rajah sinar pada rajah di bawah untuk menunjukkan bagaimana imej bagi objek itu terbentuk.

Draw a ray diagram in the figure below to show how the image of the object is formed.

       
     
      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
       
   

(ii)

Nyatakan ciri-ciri imej yang terbentuk.

State the characteristics of the image formed

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 17 4531/2
     
 

(c)

Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan binocular berprisma. Kedudukan bagi dua prisma dan dua kanta pada satu sisi binocular adalah seperti yang ditunjukkan.

Diagram 7.2 shows prism binoculars. The position of two prisms on one side of the binoculars are as shown.

   
   

Rajah 7.2

Diagram 7.2

   

Kanta objek digunakan dalam binocular itu supaya objek boleh dilihat dengan jelas. Jadual di bawah menunjukkan ciri-ciri tiga kanta.

Objective lens is used in the binoculars so that the object can be seen clearer. Table below shows the characteristics of three lenses.

   

Kanta

Lens

Panjang Fokus

Focal length

Diameter kanta

Diameter of the lens

\(P\) \(1.0\text{ cm}\) Kecil / Small
\(Q\) \(10.0\text{ cm}\) Besar / Big
\(R\) \(100.0\text{ cm}\) Besar / Big
     
   

Berdasarkan jadual tersebut, nyatakan ciri-ciri kesesuaian kanta untuk digunakan sebagai kanta objek. Beri satu sebab untuk kesesuaian ciri itu.

Based on the table, state the suitable characteristics of the lens to be used as the objective lens. Give one reason for the suitable characteristic.

 

 

(i)

Panjang fokus

Focal length

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
       
     

Sebab

Reason

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
 
SULIT 18 4531/2
     
   

(ii)

Diameter kanta

Diameter of the lens

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
       
     

Sebab

Reason

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
       
 

(d)

Berdasarkan jawapan di 7(c)(i) dan 7(c)(ii), tentukan kanta yang paling sesuai digunakan sebagai kanta objek.

Based on the answers in 7(c)(i) and 7(c)(ii), determine the most suitable lens to be used as the objective lens.

       
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 19 4531/2
     

8.

Rajah 8 menunjukkan satu sistem radiator kereta.

Diagram 8 shows a car radiator system.

 
 

Rajah 8

Diagram 8

   
 

(a)

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan muatan haba tentu?

What is the meaning of specific heat capacity?

     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
     
 

(b)

Terangkan mengapa air digunakan sebagai agen penyejukan dalam suatu radiator kereta?

Explain why water is used as a cooling agent in the car radiator?

     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
     
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [2 markah]
[2 marks]
 
SULIT 20 4531/2
     
 

(c)

Sebuah enjin kereta didapati terlalu panas setelah melalui suatu perjalanan yang jauh. Radiator kereta tersebut didapati kurang efisyen untuk mengurankan suhu enjin.

A car engine is found to be overheated after a long journey. The radiator of the car was found to be less efficient in reducing the engine temperature.

   

Cadangkan pengubahsuaian yang perlu dilakukan pada radiator kereta untuk memastikan enjin kereta dapat dikurangkan suhunya dengan cepat berdasarkan aspek-aspek berikut. Berikan sebab bagi jawapan anda.

Suggest the modification that need to be done on the car radiator to ensure that the car engine can be reduced in temperature quickly based on the following aspects. Give reason for your answer

   

(i)

Bilangan bilah sirip

Number of fin blades

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
       
     

Sebab

Reason

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
       
   

(ii)

Saiz kipas

Size of the fan

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
       
     

Sebab

Reason

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
       
   

(iii)

Takat didih cecair

Boiling point of the liquid

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
       
     

Sebab

Reason

       
      .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
 
SULIT 21 4531/2
     
Bahagian B
Section B
 
[20 markah]
[20 marks]
 
Bahagian ini mengandungi dua soalan. Jawab satu soalan.
This section contains two questions. Answer one question.
 

9.

Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan segelas air disejukkan dengan menggunakan beberapa ketulan ais. Proses ini melibatkan haba pendam tentu pelakuran ais.

Diagram 9.1 shows a glass of water cooled by using some ice cubes. This process involves the specific latent heat of fusion of ice.

 
 

Rajah 9.1

Diagram 9.1

   
 

(a)

Apakah maksud haba pendam tentu pelakuran?

What is meant by specific latent heat of fusion?

    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
     
 

(b)

Menggunakan konsep haba pendam tentu, terangkan bagaimana ketulan ais dapat menyejukkan minuman dengan lebih berkesan.

Using the concept of specific latent heat, explain how ice cubes can cool drinks more effectively.

    [4 markah]
[4 marks]
 
SULIT 22 4531/2
     
 

(c)

Air di dalam gelas pada Rajah 9.1 berjisim \(0.2\text{ kg}\) mempunyai suhu awal \(50^{\circ}\text{C}\). Sebahagian daripada ketulan ais telah melebur.

The water in the glass in Diagram 9.1 has a mass of \(0.2\text{ kg}\) and has an initial temperature of \(50^{\circ}\text{C}\). Some of the iced cubes have melted.

   

[Muatan haba tentu air \(=4\,200\text{ J kg}^{-1} \,^{\circ}\text{C}^{-1}\). Haba pendam tentu pelakuran ais \(=3.34\times10^5\text{ J kg}^{-1}\)]

[Specific heat capacity of water \(=4\,200\text{ J kg}^{-1} \,^{\circ}\text{C}^{-1}\) . Specific latent heat of fusion of ice \(=3.34\times10^5\text{ J kg}^{-1}\)]

     
   

Hitungkan

Calculate

   

(i)

Haba yang diserap oleh kiub ais.

Heat absorbed by the ice cube.

      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
       
   

(ii)

Jisim ais yang telah mencair.

Mass of ice that has melted.

      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
       
   

(iii)

Nyatakan satu andaian yang dibuat dalam situasi di atas.

State one assumption that you have made in above situation.

      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
 
SULIT 23 4531/2
     
 

(d)

Jadual 9 menunjukkan ciri-ciri empat panel penyejuk P, Q, R dan S yang mengandungi ejen penyejuk yang mengalir melalui paip kondenser untuk digunakan dalam peti sejuk.

Table 9 shows the characteristics of four refrigerant panels P, Q, R and S that contain the coolant agent flowing through the condenser pipe for use in the refrigerator.

   

Panel penyejuk

Cooling panel

Ejen penyejuk

Coolant agent

Paip kondenser

Condenser pipe

Haba pendam tentu pengewapan

Specific latent heat of vaporization

Takat didih

Boiling point

Bentuk

Shape

Muatan haba tentu

Specific heat capacity

\(P\)

Rendah

Low

\(100^{\circ}\text{C}\)

Berlingkar

Coiled

Tinggi

High

\(Q\)

Tinggi

High

\(-43^{\circ}\text{C}\)

Lurus

Straight

Tinggi

High

\(R\)

Tinggi

High

\(-50^{\circ}\text{C}\)

Berlingkar

Coiled

Rendah

Low

\(S\)

Rendah

Low

\(78^{\circ}\text{C}\)

Lurus

Straight

Rendah

Low

   

Jadual 9

Table 9

     
   

Terangkan kesesuaian setiap ciri panel penyejuk untuk menyejukkan peti sejuk dengan cepat. Tentukan panel penyejuk yang paling sesuai dan berikan sebab untuk pilihan anda.

Explain the suitability of each cooling panel feature for cooling the refrigerator quickly. Determine the most suitable cooling panel and give reasons for your choice.

    [10 markah]
[10 marks]
     
 
SULIT 24 4531/2
     

10.

Rajah 10.1 menunjukkan perintang peka cahaya, LDR disambungkan pada satu litar untuk menghidupkan diod pemancar cahaya, LED secara automatik. LED akan menyala apabila beza keupayaan merentasi LDR mencapai atau melebihi \(1\text{ V}\).

Diagram 10.1 shows a light dependent resistor, LDR connected within a circuit to automatically activate the light emitting diode, LED. The LED will illuminate when the potential difference across the LDR reaches or exceeds \(1\text{ V}\).

 
 

Rajah 10.1

Diagram 10.1

   
 

(a)

Merujuk kepada Rajah 10.1,

Referring to Diagram 10.1,

   

(i)

nyatakan fungsi transistor.

state the function of the transistor.

      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
   

(ii)

adakah LED itu menyala pada waktu malam?
Jelaskan jawapan anda.

does the LED light up at night?
Explain your answer.

      [4 markah]
[4 marks]
 
SULIT 25 4531/2
     
 

(b)

Hitung:

Calculate:

 

 

(i)

jumlah beza keupayaan merentasi perintang dan LDR.

the total potential difference across the resistor and LDR.

      [1 markah]
[1 mark]
       
   

(ii)

beza keupayaan merentasi perintang sahaja.

the potential difference across the resistor only.

      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
       
   

(iii)

rintangan maksimum LDR supaya LED itu dapat menyala

the maximum resistance of the LDR required for the LED to light up.

      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
 
SULIT 26 4531/2
     
 

(c)

Rajah 10.2 menunjukkan sebuah litar sistem penggera kebakaran yang tidak lengkap.

Diagram 10.2 shows an incomplete fire alarm system circuit.

   
     
   

Rajah 10.2

Diagram 10.2

 
SULIT 27 4531/2
     
   

Jadual 10 menunjukkan empat sel komponen elektronik: S, T, U dan V, yang bertujuan untuk digunakan dalam melengkapkan litar yang digambarkan dalam Rajah 10.2.

Table 10 shows four sets of electronic components: S, T, U and V, which are intended for use in completing the circuit depicted in Diagram 10.2

     
   

Set komponen elektronik

Electronic component set

\(AB\) \(CD\) \(EF\) \(GH\)
\(S\)

Sel kering X

Dry Cell X

LED

LDR

Perintang

Resistor

\(T\)

Sel kering Y

Dry Cell Y

Loceng elektrik

Electric bell

Termistor

Thermistor

Perintang

Resistor

\(U\)

Sel kering X

Dry Cell X

Loceng elektrik

Electric bell

LDR

Reostat

Rheostat

\(V\)

Sel kering Y

Dry Cell Y

LED

Termistor

Thermistor

Reostat

Rheostat

     
   

Jadual 10

Table 10

 
SULIT 28 4531/2
     
   

Kaji dan terangkan kesesuaian komponen elektronik dalam Jadual 10.
Tentukan set komponen elektronik yang paling sesuai digunakan bagi memastikan sistem penggera kebakaran berfungsi dan berdering jika suhu meningkat apabila berlaku kebakaran.
Beri sebab-sebab bagi pilihan anda.

Study and explain the suitability of electronic components in Table 10.
Determine the electronic component set that is most suitable for ensuring the fire alarm system functions and rings when the temperature increases when there is fire.
Provide reasons for your choice.

    [10 markah]
[10 marks]
     
 
SULIT 29 4531/2
     
Bahagian C
Section C
 
[20 markah]
[20 marks]
 
Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.
Answer all questions in this section.
 

11.

Rajah 11.1 dan 11.2 menunjukkan magnet sedang ditolak dengan kelajuan yang sama ke dalam gegelung dawai berdiameter sama. Kedua-duanya disambungkan kepada galvanometer.

Diagram 11.1 and 11.2 show magnets being pushed with the same speed into wire coils which have the same diameter. Both are connected to the galvanometer.

 
 

Rajah 11.1

Diagram 11.1

 
 

Rajah 11.2

Diagram 11.2

 
SULIT 30 4531/2
     
 

(a)

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan aruhan elektromagnet?

What is the meaning of electromagnetic induction?

    [1 markah]
[1 mark]
     
 

(b)

Berdasarkan Rajah 11.1 dan 11.2, bandingkan bilangan magnet, kadar pemotongan fluks and angle of deflection of galvanometer pointer.

Using Diagram 11.1 and 11.2, compare the number of magnets, the rate of cutting magnetic flux, and angle of deflection of galvanometer pointer.

    [3 markah]
[3 marks]
     
 

(c)

Nyatakan hubungan antara

State the relationship between

 

 

(i)

Bilangan magnet dan kadar pemotongan fluks magnet.

The number of magnets and the rate of cutting magnetic flux.

       
   

(ii)

Kadar pemotongan fluks magnet dengan magnitud aliran arus aruhan.

The density of magnetic flux and the magnitude of induced current flow.

      [2 markah]
[2 marks]
       
 

(d)

Rajah 11.3 menunjukkan struktur penjana arus terus.

Figure 11.3 shows the structures of a direct current generator.

   
   

Rajah 11.3

Diagram 11.3

   

Terangkan prinsip kerja penjana arus terus.

Explain the working principle of the direct current generator.

    [4 markah]
[4 marks]
 
SULIT 31 4531/2
     
   
   

Rajah 11.4

Diagram 11.4

 

(e)

Rajah 11.4 menunjukkan dinamo basikal. Dinamo disambung ke mentol elektrik dan didapati nyalaan mentol malap. Dengan menggunakan pengetahuan fizik, jelaskan pengubahsuaian yang perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kecerahan mentol tersebut.

Diagram 11.4 shows a bicycle dynamo. The dynamo is connected to an electric bulb and it is found that the bulb is dim. Using physics knowledge, explain a modification that has to be carried out to increase the brightness of the bulb.

    [10 markah]
[10 marks]

 

 

 

 

 

 

KERTAS PEPERIKSAAN TAMAT