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| Bahagian A |
| Section A |
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| [60 markah] |
| [60 marks] |
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| Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini. |
| Answer all questions in this section. |
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Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan struktur sel haiwan. |
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Diagram 1.1 shows the structure of an animal cell. |
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Rajah 1.1 |
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Diagram 1.1 |
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(a) |
(i) |
Namakan organel P dan Q. |
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Name organelle P and Q. |
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Organel P / Organelle P : ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... |
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Organel Q / Organelle Q : ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... |
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[2 markah] |
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[2 marks] |
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(ii) |
Apakah fungsi organel P dan Q? |
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What is the function of organelle P and Q? |
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Organel P / Organelle P : ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... |
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Organel Q / Organelle Q : ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... |
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[2 markah] |
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[2 marks] |
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(b) |
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Nyatakan dua kesan kepada sel haiwan jika organel P tiada. |
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State two effect to the animal cell if organelle P is absent. |
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[2 markah] |
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[2 marks] |
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2. |
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Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan dua jenis tisu, K dan L. |
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Diagram 2.1 shows two types of tissues, K and L. |
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Rajah 2.1 |
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Diagram 2.1 |
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(a) |
(i) |
Namakan tisu K dan L. |
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Name tissues K and L. |
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Tisu K / Tissue K : ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... |
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Tisu L / Tissue L : ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ |
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[2 markah] |
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[2 marks] |
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(ii) |
Nyatakan di mana tisu L boleh dijumpai. |
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State where tissue L can be found. |
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[1 markah] |
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[1 mark] |
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(b) |
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Rajah menunjukkan struktur tisu vaskular dalam tumbuhan. |
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The diagram shows the structure of vascular tissues in a plant. |
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Rajah 2.2 |
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Diagram 2.2 |
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(i) |
Namakan tisu P dan Q. |
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Name tissue P and Q. |
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Tisu P / Tissue P : ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... |
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Tisu Q / Tissue Q : ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... |
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[2 markah] |
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[2 marks] |
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(ii) |
Terangkan bagaimana tisu P mengalami pengkhususan untuk mengangkut air dan garam mineral. |
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Explain how tissue P undergoes specialization to transport water and mineral salts. |
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[2 markah] |
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[2 marks] |
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3. |
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Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan keadaan sel tumbuhan selepas direndam di dalam larutan X dan larutan Y selama 20 minit. |
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Diagram 3.1 shows the condition of plant cells after being immersed in solution X and solution Y for 20 minutes. |
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Larutan X |
Larutan Y |
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Solution X |
Solution Y |
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Rajah 3.1 |
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Diagram 3.1 |
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(a) |
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Berdasarkan Rajah 3.1 nyatakan jenis larutan X dan Y tersebut. |
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Based on Diagram 3.1, state the type of solutions of X and Y. |
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Larutan X / Solution X : ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... |
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Larutan Y / Solution Y : ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... |
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[2 markah] |
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[2 marks] |
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(b) |
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Lukis sel tumbuhan selepas direndam dalam larutan hipertonik. |
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Draw a plant cell after being immersed in a hypertonic solution. |
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[1 markah] |
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[1 mark] |
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(c) |
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Rajah 3.2 di bawah menunjukkan peratusan perubahan sel darah merah pecah dan menyusut terhadap kepekatan larutan garam. |
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Diagram 3.2 shows the percentage change of red blood cells bursting and shrinking against the salt solution concentration. |
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Rajah 3.2 |
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Diagram 3.2 |
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Huraikan proses yang dilalui sel darah merah pada P dan Q. |
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Describe the process undergone by the red blood cells at P and Q. |
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[3 markah] |
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[3 marks] |
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4. |
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Dalam satu eksperimen kultur tisu tumbuhan, seorang penyelidik telah menambahkan nisbah fitohormon (auksin dan sitokinin) yang berbeza ke dalam dua medium kultur M dan N. Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang berlaku selepas kalus dibiarkan selama seminggu. |
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In an experiment of plant tissue culture, a researcher has added different ratio of phytohormone (auxin and cytokinin) into two cultured medium M and N. Diagram 4.1 shows the growth that occurs after the callus is left for a week. |
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Rajah 4.1 |
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Diagram 4.1 |
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(i) |
Terangkan kesan nisbah fitohormon (auksin dan sitokinin) yang menyebabkan pertumbuhan dalam Rajah 4.1. |
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Explain the effect of phytohormone (auxin and cytokinin) that cause the growth in Diagram 4.1. |
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[2 markah] |
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[2 marks] |
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(ii) |
Nyatakan dua contoh fitohormon selain auksin dan sitokinin dalam pertanian. |
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Name two examles of phytohormones other than auxins and cytokinins in agriculture. |
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[2 markah] |
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[2 marks] |
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(b) |
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Rajah 4.2 menunjukkan graf pertumbuhan anak pokok jagung yang didedahkan kepada dua jenis muzik yang berbeza. |
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Diagram 4.2 shows graph of the growth of corn seedlings which are exposed to two different type of music. |
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Rajah 4.2 |
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Diagram 4.2 |
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Terangkan pertumbuhan anak pokok jagung berdasarkan graf pada Rajah 4.1. |
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Describe the growth of corn seedlings based on the graph in Diagram 4.1. |
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[2 markah] |
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[2 marks] |
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(ii) |
Cadangkan satu kaedah lain yang dapat dilakukan supaya sel tumbuhan aktif membahagi. |
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Suggest another method for plant cells to divide actively. |
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[1 markah] |
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[1 mark] |
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5. |
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Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan peringkat perkembangan folikel dalam ovari manusia. |
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Diagram 5.1 shows the stages in the development of follicles in the human ovary. |
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Rajah 5.1 |
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Diagram 5.1 |
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Namakan struktur W. |
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Name structure W. |
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[1 markah] |
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[1 mark] |
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(ii) |
Nyatakan dua hormon yang akan dirembes sekiranya struktur W terus berkembang. |
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State two hormones that will be secreted if structure W continue to grow. |
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[2 markah] |
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[2 marks] |
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(b) |
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Terangkan fungsi hormon yang dinyatakan di (a) (iii). |
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Explain the function of hormone stated in (a) (iii). |
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[1 markah] |
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[1 mark] |
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(c) |
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Selepas ovulasi, korpus luteum terbentuk. Keadaan korpus luteum dan ketebalan dinding endometrium bergantung kepada persenyawaan di antara ovum dan sperma. Nyatakan perbezaan bagi keadaan korpus luteum dan dinding endometrium dalam situasi berikut: |
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After ovulation, the corpus luteum is formed. The condition of corpus luteum and the thickness of endometrium wall depends on the fertilisation between ovum and sperm. State the difference for the condition of corpus luteum and the edometrium wall in the following situation. |
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Situasi
Situation
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Persenyawaan berlaku
Fertilisation occurs
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Persenyawaan tidak berlaku
Fertilisation does not occur
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Keadaan korpus luteum
Condition of corpus luteum
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Keadaan dinding endometrium
Condition of endometrium wall
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[4 markah] |
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[4 marks] |
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6. |
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Rajah 6.1 menunjukkan sistem trakea bagi suatu organisma. |
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Diagram 6.1 shows the tracheal system of an organism. |
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Rajah 6.1 |
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Diagram 6.1 |
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Nyatakan satu organisma yang mempunyai sistem respirasi seperti yang ditunjukkan di atas. |
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Name one organism that has respiration system as shown above. |
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[1 markah] |
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[1 mark] |
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Nyatakan dua ciri trakeol yang membantu pertukaran gas respirasi dalam organisma yang dinyatakan di 6 (a) (i). |
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State two characteristics of the tracheol that helps the exchange of respiratory gases in the organism mentioned in 6 (a) (i). |
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[2 markah] |
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[2 marks] |
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(b) |
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Mekanisme pernafasan bagi organisma yang dinyatakan di 6 (a) (i) adalah berbeza dengan mekanisme pernafasan dalam manusia. Nyatakan satu perbezaan antara mekanisme pernafasan dalam manusia dengan mekanisme pernafasan organisma yang dinyatakan di 6 (a) (i). |
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The breathing mechanism of an organism stated in 6 (a) (i) is different with breathing mechanisms in humans. State one diferences between the breathing mechanisms in humans and breathing mechanism of organism stated in 6 (a) (i). |
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[1 markah] |
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[1 mark] |
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(c) |
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Pencemaran udara menyukarkan pernafasan dalam haiwan dan manusia. Sekiranya anda seorang ahli sains, haiwan manakah yang akan anda pilih sebagai petunjuk tahap pencemaran udara di sesuatu kawasan? Nyatakan justikasi pilihan anda. |
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Air pollution makes breathing difficult in animals and humans. If you are a scientist, which animal will you choose as an indicator of pollution level in a particular area? Explain the justification of your choice. |
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[4 markah] |
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[4 marks] |
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7. |
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Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan sebahagian daripada sistem pencernaan dan organ-organ yang terlibat dalam proses pencernaan manusia. |
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Diagram 7.1 shows a part of digestive system and organs involved in the human digestive process. |
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Rajah 7.1 |
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Diagram 7.1 |
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Namakan organ yang berlabel C. |
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Name organ labeled C. |
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[1 markah] |
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[1 mark] |
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(b) |
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Namakan dua enzim yang terdapat di dalam jus yang dirembeskan oleh D. |
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Name two enzyme found in the juice secreted by D. |
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[2 markah] |
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[2 marks] |
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(c) |
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Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan masalah kesihatan yang timbul akibat daripada tabiat pemakanan tertentu. |
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Diagram 7.2 shows health issues which arise as a result of certain eating habits. |
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Rajah 7.2 |
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Diagram 7.2 |
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Berdasarkan Rajah 7.2, terangkan bagaimana tabiat makan yang tidak baik boleh menyebabkan masalah kesihatan pada manusia. |
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Based on Diagram 7.2, explain how the poor eating habits can cause health problems in human. |
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[6 markah] |
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[6 marks] |
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8. |
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Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan sistem peredaran suatu organisma. |
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Diagram 8.1 shows a circulatory of an organism. |
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Rajah 8.1 |
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Diagram 8.1 |
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(a) |
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Nyatakan satu organisma yang mempunyai jenis sistem peredaran dalam Rajah 8.1. |
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State one organism which has this type of circulatory system in Diagram 8.1. |
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[1 markah] |
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[1 mark] |
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(ii) |
Terangkan jenis sistem peredaran darah dalam Rajah 8.1. |
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Describe the types of circulatory system in Diagram 8.1. |
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[4 markah] |
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[4 marks] |
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(iii) |
Terangkan dua perbezaan di antara sistem peredaran dalam Rajah 8.1 berbanding sistem peredaran manusia. |
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Explain two differences between the circulatory system in Diagram 8.1 compared to the insect circulatory system. |
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[2 markah] |
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[2 marks] |
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(b) |
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Rajah 8.2 menunjukkan prosedur yang digunakan untuk merawat pesakit X yang didiagnosis dengan 70% penyumbatan pada koronari arteri. |
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Diagram 8.2 shows angioplasty procedure used to treat patient X who is diagnosed with 70% blockage in the coronary artery. |
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Rajah 8.2 |
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Diagram 8.2 |
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Nyatakan nama prosedur X dalam Rajah 8.2. |
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State the name of the procedur X in Diagram 8.2. |
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[1 markah] |
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[1 mark] |
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(ii) |
Terangkan kemungkinan kesan terhadap pesakit jika prosedur dalam Rajah 8.2 tidak dijalankan. |
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Explain the possible effect to the patient if the procedure in Diagram 8.2 is not being done. |
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[1 markah] |
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[1 mark] |
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10. |
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Sesebuah negara disifatkan mempunyai sekuriti makanan apabila individu, isi rumah atau semua rakyatnya mendapat makanan yang cukup, selamat serta berkhasiat untuk hidup sihat dan aktif. Rajah 10.1 menunjukkan keadaan penduduk pinggir bandar Kabul yang berhadapan dengan ancaman sekuriti makanan berikutan tidak mempunyai wang dan pekerjaan untuk mendapatkan bekalan makanan yang mencukupi. |
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A country is deemed to have food security when individuals, households or all citizens get sufficient, safe and nutritious food to lead a healthy and active life. Diagram 10.1 shows the condition of people in the suburbs of Kabul experiencing food security threats due to not having money and jobs to get enough food supplies. |
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Rajah 10.1 |
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Diagram 10.1 |
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(a) |
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Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan sekuriti makanan? |
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What is meant by food security? |
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[1 markah] |
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[1 mark] |
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(ii) |
Nyatakan tiga masalah kesihatan yang mungkin dialami oleh kanak-kanak di kawasan tersebut. |
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State three health problems that might be experienced by the children in that area. |
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[3 markah] |
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[3 marks] |
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(iii) |
Melalui Dasar Agromakanan Negara (DAN), bincangkan tanggungjawab pihak kerajaan bagi mengatasi masalah yang dihadapi oleh kanak-kanak di kawasan tersebut. |
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Through National Agro-Food Policy (NAFP), discuss the responsibilities of the government in order to overcome the problems experienced by the children in that area. |
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[4 markah] |
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[4 marks] |
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(b) |
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Kempen larangan penggunaan penyedut minuman plastik merupakan satu inisiatif bagi menyelesaikan isu alam sekitar.
The campaign of forbidding the usage of plastic straws is one of the initiatives solve local environmental issues.
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Terangkan bagaimana pelaksanaan kempen tersebut dapat menyelesaikan isu berkaitan alam sekitar. |
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Explain how the implementation of the campaign can solve environmental issues. |
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[3 markah] |
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[3 marks] |
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(c) |
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Rajah 10.2 menunjukkan hasil analisis DNA menggunakan sampel darah yang terdapat di tempat pembunuhan. Sampel DNA yang diambil di tempat kejadian dibandingkan dengan sampel DNA empat orang suspek. |
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Diagram 10.2 shows the results of DNA analysis using blood samples found at the scene of the murder. The DNA samples taken at the scene were compared with the DNA samples of the four suspects. |
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Rajah 10.2 |
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Diagram 10.2 |
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(i) |
Terangkan langkah-langkah yang digunakan dalam pemprofilan DNA untuk mendapatkan hasil analisis DNA seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 10.2. |
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Explain the steps used in DNA profiling to obtain the results of DNA analysis as shown in Diagram 10.2. |
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[7 markah] |
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[7 marks] |
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(ii) |
Berdasarkan Rajah 10.2 di atas, kenal pasti suspek yang bersalah. Terangkan. |
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Based on Figure 10.2 above, identify which suspect is guilty. Explain. |
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[2 markah] |
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[2 marks] |
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KERTAS PEPERIKSAAN TAMAT
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