CONJUNCTION

And

- To join words, phrases, clauses, or sentences.

For example:

a. Arun and Amir are my friends.

b. I am hungry and thirsty.

c. He ran and fell on the ground.

Or

- To show a choice between two things.

For example:

a. You can walk or take the bus.

b. Do you want a biscuit or a sweet.

But

- To join opposite ideas.

For example:

a. Aida wants to play outside but it is raining.

b. He called me but I wasn't home.

Because

- To show reason.

For example:

a. Emma got all As because she studied very hard.

b. My mother cannot send me to school because she is sick.

Although

- To show contrast.

For example:

a. Elena will be coming tonight, although I do not know exactly when.

Since

- To show cause and effect.

For example:

a. Since we have got a few hours to wait for the bus, let's have a cup of tea.

A phrase is a group of words which does not make sense on its own. It does not contain a verb.

For example:

Up the stairs, in a minute, with my mother.

A clause is a group of words that contains a verb. It is part of a sentence.

For example:

I went to the playground (1 clause)

because I wanted to play football. (1 clause)

(went and wanted are verbs)