5.2
Three States of Matter
| 5.2 | Three States of Matter |
- Matter exists in three states, which are the solid, liquid or gaseous states.
- The arrangement of the particles in matter determines the state of matter whether it is solid, liquid or gas.
- The change of state of matter involves absorption or release of heat.
| State of matter | Solid |
| Shape | Fixed |
| Mass | Fixed |
| Volume | Fixed |
| Compressibility | Incompressible |
| Space between particles | Small |
| Particles arrangement | Very close |
| Particles movement | Vibrate in a fixed a position |
| State of matter | Liquid |
| Shape | |
| Mass | Fixed |
| Volume | Fixed |
| Compressibility | Difficult to compress |
| Space between particles | Moderate |
| Particles arrangement | Close |
| Particles movement |
Move freely and collide with one another |
| State of matter | Gas |
| Shape | Take the shape of the container |
| Mass | No fixed |
| Volume | Followe the volume of the container |
| Compressibility | Compressible |
| Space between particles | Large |
| Particles arrangement | Very loose |
| Particles movement |
Move randomly and collide with one another |
Diffusion Rate in Three States of Matter
| The rate of diffusion of particles in a solid, liquid and gas |
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Solid - The gel turns blue after a few days - The rate of diffusion of particles in a solid is lo |
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Liquid - Water turns blue after two hours - The rate of diffusion of particles in a liquid is higher than in solid |
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Gas - Bromine gas fills both gas jars after 15 minutes - The rate of diffusion of particles in a gas is the highest |
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Examples of change of state of matter
- Water from wet items evaporates and becomes vapour through the process of evaporation
- Freezing allows sweet creams to freeze and become ice-cream
- Dry ice is used by ice-cream vendors to prevent their ice-cream from melting
