Solution and Rate of Solubility

 
5.2  Solution and Rate of Solubility
 

Solute - is a substance that can dissolve in a liquid

Solvent - is a liquid that dissolves a substance

Solution - is the mixture formed when a solute dissolves in a  solvent


Dilute, Concentrated and Saturated Solution

Dilute Solution

 * Less amount of solute in the solvent

 * Can dissolve more solute

Concentrated Solution

 * More amount of solute in the solvent

 * Can dissolve less solute

Saturated Solution

 * Excess amount of solute in the solvent

 * Cannot dissolve any more solute and form precipitate

 
 

Solution and Suspension

What is solution and suspension?
  • Solution is a clear mixture formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent
  • Suspension is a cloudy mixture formed from undissolved solute particles in a solvent

Solubility

  • Solubility of a solute is the maximum amount of the solute that can dissolve in 100 ml of solvent a specific temperature

Rate of solubility

  • The higher the temperature of solvent, the higher the rate of solubility
  • The higher the rate of stirring, the higher the rate of solubility

Colloid

  • A colloid is a mixture of two or more solutes dispersed evenly in a solvent
  • Colloids are intermediate between a solution and a suspension
  • Example : Foam (Shaving cream) & Emulsion (Milk)

Universal Solvent and Organic Solvent

  • Water is a universal solvent as it dissolve almost all substances, solid, liquids or gases
  • Example : Water dissolves detergents used in cleaning process
 
  • Organic solvents which are carbon - base can be used to dissolve solutes that are insoluble in water
  • Organic Solvents :
  1. Alcohol
  2. Kerosene
  3. Acetone
  4. Turpentine
  5. Ether