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Biology
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Biology
Neurones and Sinapse
Biology
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Neurones and Sinapse
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Neuron
Millions of cells in the nervous system are also known as nerve cells
The basic structure of neuron
Consists of a cell body, axon, dendrite, myelin sheath, a node of Ranvier and a synaptic knob
Three types of neurone
Sensory neurones, relay neurones and motor neurones
Dendrite
Short branches of the cell body. Dendrite receives nerve impulses from other neurones or the external environment and sends them to the cell body
Axon
Elongated branch of the body cell, axon carries impulses out of the cell body to other neurones or effectors.
Mielin sheath
Insulating membrane that coats the axon
Cell body
Consists of a nucleus and many cytoplasmic projections called dendrites.
Synaptic knob
Swelling at the end of the axon branch
Node of ranvier
The gaps portion of the neuron that is not wrapped by the myelin sheath along the axon
Importance node of Ranvier
Helps to accelerate the flow of nerve impulses by allowing the nerve impulses to jump from one node to the following node
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