Enzymes (Part 2)

Biology

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Enzymes (Part 2)

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Activation energy

The energy is used to break down the bonds in the substrate molecules before the reaction begins. Enzymes are used to lower the activation energy

Enzyme-substrate complex

Substrates will bind with enzymes at a specific site known as the active site and form an enzyme-substrate complex

Uses of the Alcanivorax borkumensis bacteria produces hydroxylase enzymes

The Alcanivorax borkumensis bacteria produces hydroxylase enzymes to break down an oil spill in the sea and change it to a non-toxic substance

Formation of an enzyme-substrate complex

Enzyme nomenclature (1)

In the 1960s, The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB) introduced the enzyme nomenclature based on the substrate or reaction it catalyses

Enzyme nomenclature (2)

The name of the enzyme is derived by adding ‘-ase’ to the name of the substrate it catalyses

Enzyme nomenclature (3)

An example of the ‘-ase’ added to substrate is the lactase enzyme, which catalyses the hydrolysis of lactose

Enzyme nomenclature (4)

There are also a few enzymes that do not follow this naming system for examples are: trypsin, pepsin, and renin

General characteristics of enzymes (1)

Enzymes act rapidly

General characteristics of enzymes (2)

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up biochemical reactions

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Enzymes (Part 2)

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