Cell Cycle and Mitosis

Biology

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Cell Cycle and Mitosis

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Interphase

Consists of G1, S and G2 phase

G1 phase

Cells grow, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum are produced, proteins are used and synthesized, nucleus appear larger and chromosomes are in the form of chromatin

S phase

DNA synthesis occurs

G2 phase

Cell continues to grow, more energy is produced, the cell remains active metabolically

M phase

Mitosis and cytokinesis occur. Mitosis involves prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase

Mitosis

The division of the nucleus of the parent cell into two nuclei. Each nucleus consists of the same number of chromosomes and genetic content as the parent cell

Prophase

Chromatin shorten and thickens, sister chromatids are formed, nuclear membrane disintegrates, the nucleolus disappears, the centrioles move to the opposite poles and spindle fibers start to form

Metaphase

The chromosomes become aligned in a single row on the equatorial plane. Metaphase ends when the centromere begins to divide

Anaphase

Centromere divides into two and the sister chromatids separate. Anaphase ends when the chromatid arrives at the pole of the cell

Telophase

Telophase is followed by cytokinesis. Nucleolus and new nuclear membrane begin to form. Chromosomes are shaped again as fine chromatin threads

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