| 3.1 |
Current and Potential Difference |
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Electric field |
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The region around a charged particle where any electric charge in the region will experience an electric force |
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The patterns of observed electric fields for positive charge and negative charge are as follows:
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| (a) |
The direction of the electric force line avoids the positive charge.
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| (b) |
The direction of the electric force line to negative charge.
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Electric field strength, E |
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Electric force acting on a unit positive charge placed at the point.
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\(E=\dfrac{F}{q}\), where E = electric field strength, F = electric force, Q = quantity of electric charge |
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\(E=\dfrac{V}{d}\), where E = electric field strength, V = potential difference, d = distance between plates
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Electric current, \(I\) |
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Rate of flow of charge in a conductor |
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\(I = \dfrac{Q}{t}\), \(I\) = current, Q = total charge, t = time |
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Potential difference |
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Work done in moving one coulomb of charge from one point to another. |
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\(V = \dfrac{W}{Q}\) or \(V=\dfrac{E}{Q}\), where V= potential difference, W = work done, E = energy transferred, Q = amount of charges flowing |
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