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Homologous Series
Alkene
Alkene: a group of organic compounds that are unsaturated hydrocarbons.
The general formula of alkene:
\(C_nH_{2n}\)
Homologous series: a group of organic compounds represented by a general formula, have the same functional group and every member is different from the others by a common structural unit,
\(-CH_2\)
.
Functional group: atom or group of atoms that determines the chemical properties of members of a homologous series.
Number of
carbon atoms
Molecular
formula
Structural
formula
Ethene
2
\(C_{2}H_{4}\)
Propene
3
\(C_{3}H_{6}\)
Butene
4
\(C_{4}H_{8}\)
Pentene
5
\(C_{5}H_{10}\)
Hexene
6
\(C_{6}H_{12}\)
Heptene
7
\(C_{7}H_{14}\)
Octene
8
\(C_{8}H_{16}\)
Nonene
9
\(C_{9}H_{18}\)
Decene
10
\(C_{10}H_{20}\)
Physical properties of alkenes
Name of alkene
Physical state
Ethene
Gas
Propene
Gas
Butene
Gas
Pentene
Liquid
Hexene
Liquid
Heptene
Liquid
Octene
Liquid
Nonene
Liquid
Decene
Liquid
Properties
Explanation
Melting point
Increases as going down the group
As going down the group, the molecular size increases
Requires more energy to overcome the attractive forces
Boiling point
Increases as going down the group
As going down the group, the molecular size increases
Requires more energy to overcome the attractive forces
Density
Increases as going down the group
As going down the group, the molecular size increases
Solubility in water
Insoluble in water
Alkenes are covalent compounds
Conductivity of electricity
Does not conduct electricity
Does not contain freely moving ions
Chapter : Carbon Compounds
Topic : Homologous Series
Form 5
Chemistry
View all notes for Chemistry Form 5
Related notes
Types of Carbon Compounds
Alkane
Alcohol
Carboxylic Acid
Chemical Properties of Alkane
Chemical Properties of Alkene
Chemical Properties of Alcohol
Chemical Properties of Carboxylic Acid
Ester
Isomerism
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